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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 164, Number 6, September 2001, 1067-1071

Lung Tissue Mechanics and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Acute Lung Injury

PATRICIA R. M. ROCCO, ELNARA M. NEGRI, PEDRO M. KURTZ, FERNANDA P. VASCONCELLOS, GABRIELA H. SILVA, VERA L. CAPELOZZI, PABLO V. ROMERO, and WALTER A. ZIN

Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Ilha do Fundão, 2 1949-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Department of Clinical Emergencies, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and Laboratorio de Neumologia Experimental, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain

This study was undertaken to test whether there is structural remodeling of lung parenchyma that could lead to tissue mechanical changes at an early phase of varying degrees of acute lung injury (ALI). Tissue resistance (R), dynamic elastance (E), and hysteresivity (eta ) were analyzed during sinusoidal oscillations of rat lung parenchymal strips 24 h after intraperitoneal injection of saline (C) or paraquat (P [10, 15, 25, and 30 mg/kg]). These strips were also stained in order to quantify the amount of collagen and of three types of elastic fibers (elaunin, oxytalan, and fully developed elastic fibers) in the alveolar septa. E augmented progressively from C to P25, but the data from the P25 and P30 groups were not different (p < 0.0001). R and eta  increased from C to P10 and from P15 to P25 (p < 0.001). Collagen fiber content increased exponentially with the severity of the injury. Elaunin and fully developed elastic fibers remained unchanged in the five groups, while oxytalan fibers increased only in the P25 and P30 groups. In conclusion, the pronounced mechanical changes at the tissue level and fibroelastogenesis happened at an early phase of the disease and even in mildly abnormal lung parenchyma.

Keywords: elastance; collagen fibers; elastin; paraquat




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