Published ahead of print on May 15, 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200809-1484OC Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 180, Number 3, August 2009, 265-272 A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2009
Submitted on September 23, 2008 6.6 Hour Inhalation of Ozone Concentrations from 60 to 87 ppb in Healthy HumansEdward S. Schelegle1*,1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, United States, 2 California National Primate Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States, 3 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: esschelegle{at}ucdavis.edu.
Rationale: The identification of the minimum ozone (O3) concentration and/or dose that induces measurable lung function decrements in humans is considered in the risk assessment leading to establishing an appropriate National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for O3 that protects public health. Objectives: To identify and/or predict the minimum mean O3 concentration that produces a decrement in FEV1 and symptoms in healthy individuals completing 6.6 hour exposure protocols. Methods: Pulmonary functions and subjective symptoms were measured in thirty-one healthy adults (18-25 years, male and female, non-smokers) who completed five 6.6 hour chamber exposures: filtered air and 4 variable hourly patterns with mean O3 concentrations of 60, 70, 80 and 87 ppb. Measurements and Main Results: Compared to filtered air, statistically significant decrements in FEV1 and increases in total subjective symptoms scores (p < 0.05) were measured following exposure to mean concentrations of 70, 80 and 87 ppb O3. The mean percent change in FEV1 (± standard error) at the end of each protocol were 0.80 ± 0.90%, -2.72 ± 1.48%, -5.34 ± 1.42%, -7.02 ± 1.60%, and -11.42 ± 2.20% for exposure to filtered air, 60, 70, 80, and 87 ppb O3, respectively. Conclusions: Inhalation of 70 ppb O3 for 6.6 hrs, a concentration below the current 8 hour NAAQS of 75 ppb, is sufficient to induce statistically significant decrements in FEV1 in healthy young adults. Key words: ozone clinical study exposure assessment human
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